An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study of the lived experience of caregivers working in a boarding house with adults with autism and schizophrenia

Abstract

The caregiving profession represents a relatively overlooked and under-researched domain, characterized by a complex interplay of intense positive and negative emotions. These experiences can become especially challenging when caregivers support vulnerable populations within the demanding environment of boarding houses. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore and gain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of caregivers employed in a boarding house that supports adults diagnosed with autism and schizophrenia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with six caregivers employed at a boarding house in Athens, Greece. The method of analysis employed was Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), which integrates the principles of phenomenology, idiographic approach, and the concept of double hermeneutics. The analysis of the interviews identified three interconnected themes. The first theme illuminated the negative emotions and daily challenges encountered by caregivers, with particular emphasis on self-blame and feelings of pity directed toward the patients. These challenges brought to light the second theme, which centered on the coping mechanisms employed by caregivers, focusing on the emotional support from peers and colleagues, alongside the cultivation of meaningful relationships with patients. The third theme uncovered an additional dimension of the caregiving profession, revealing the positive psychological impact of the caregiver’s role. This theme specifically explored the personal fulfillment derived from patients’ progress and well-being, as well as an enhanced sense of gratitude fostered by the recognition of life’s challenges. Collectively, the findings offered a comprehensive portrayal of the full spectrum of caregivers’ emotional experiences, providing valuable insights into the working conditions within the mental health field.